For example, which of the following equations are true and which are false? 6 = 6, 7 = 8 - 1, 5 + 2 = 2 + 5, 4 + 1 = 5 + 2.ĭetermine the unknown whole number in an addition or subtraction equation relating three whole numbers. Understand the meaning of the equal sign, and determine if equations involving addition and subtraction are true or false. Work with addition and subtraction equations. Use strategies such as counting on making ten (e.g., 8 + 6 = 8 + 2 + 4 = 10 + 4 = 14) decomposing a number leading to a ten (e.g., 13 - 4 = 13 - 3 - 1 = 10 - 1 = 9) using the relationship between addition and subtraction (e.g., knowing that 8 + 4 = 12, one knows 12 - 8 = 4) and creating equivalent but easier or known sums (e.g., adding 6 + 7 by creating the known equivalent 6 + 6 + 1 = 12 + 1 = 13). Relate counting to addition and subtraction (e.g., by counting on 2 to add 2).Īdd and subtract within 20, demonstrating fluency for addition and subtraction within 10. For example, subtract 10 - 8 by finding the number that makes 10 when added to 8. Understand subtraction as an unknown-addend problem. (Commutative property of addition.) To add 2 + 6 + 4, the second two numbers can be added to make a ten, so 2 + 6 + 4 = 2 + 10 = 12. Examples: If 8 + 3 = 11 is known, then 3 + 8 = 11 is also known. Understand and apply properties of operations and the relationship between addition and subtraction.Īpply properties of operations as strategies to add and subtract. Solve word problems that call for addition of three whole numbers whose sum is less than or equal to 20, e.g., by using objects, drawings, and equations with a symbol for the unknown number to represent the problem. Use addition and subtraction within 20 to solve word problems involving situations of adding to, taking from, putting together, taking apart, and comparing, with unknowns in all positions, e.g., by using objects, drawings, and equations with a symbol for the unknown number to represent the problem. Represent and solve problems involving addition and subtraction. Work with numbers 11-19 to gain foundations for place value.Ĭompose and decompose numbers from 11 to 19 into ten ones and some further ones, e.g., by using objects or drawings, and record each composition or decomposition by a drawing or equation (e.g., 18 = 10 + 8) understand that these numbers are composed of ten ones and one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, or nine ones. Number and Operations in Base Ten (K.NBT) Solve addition and subtraction word problems, and add and subtract within 10, e.g., by using objects or drawings to represent the problem.ĭecompose numbers less than or equal to 10 into pairs in more than one way, e.g., by using objects or drawings, and record each decomposition by a drawing or equation (e.g., 5 = 2 + 3 and 5 = 4 + 1).įor any number from 1 to 9, find the number that makes 10 when added to the given number, e.g., by using objects or drawings, and record the answer with a drawing or equation. Represent addition and subtraction with objects, fingers, mental images, drawings, sounds (e.g., claps), acting out situations, verbal explanations, expressions, or equations. Identify whether the number of objects in one group is greater than, less than, or equal to the number of objects in another group, e.g., by using matching and counting strategies.Ĭompare two numbers between 1 and 10 presented as written numerals. Understand that each successive number name refers to a quantity that is one larger.Ĭount to answer "how many?" questions about as many as 20 things arranged in a line, a rectangular array, or a circle, or as many as 10 things in a scattered configuration given a number from 1-20, count out that many objects. The number of objects is the same regardless of their arrangement or the order in which they were counted. Understand that the last number name said tells the number of objects counted. When counting objects, say the number names in the standard order, pairing each object with one and only one number name and each number name with one and only one object. Understand the relationship between numbers and quantities connect counting to cardinality. Represent a number of objects with a written numeral 0-20 (with 0 representing a count of no objects). Know number names and the count sequence.Ĭount forward beginning from a given number within the known sequence (instead of having to begin at 1).
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